Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Fig 1.
Trends in influenza vaccine uptake across the 2011–12, 2012–13, 2013–14 and 2014–15 influenza seasons. Results represented for each type of healthcare worker (HCW): doctors, nurses, other HCWs and non-clinical support staff.
Tables
Flu season 2011–12 2012–13 2013–14 2014–15 Total staff 802,710 811,654 821,214 830,611 Doctors 95,251 (11.9%) 101,394 (12.5%) 101,639 (12.4%) 102,849 (12.4%) Nurses 314,652 (39.2%) 307,449 (37.9%) 315,622 (38.4%) 321,365 (38.7%) Other clinical staff 146,997 (18.3%) 152,121 (18.7%) 149,584 (18.2%) 148,939 (17.9%) Non-clinical support staff 245,810 (30.6%) 250,690 (30.9%) 254,369 (31%) 257,458 (31.0%) - Table 2.
General sample characteristics by flu season (2011–12, 2012–13, 2013–14, 2014–15) in NHS trusts in England (n=223)
Flu season 2011–12 2012–13 2013–14 2014–15 Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Sickness absence rate 4.467 0.862 4.592 0.910 4.376 0.879 4.635 0.951 Flu vaccine uptake, % 43.6 15.3 44.0 16.8 54.3 15.8 54.3 15.6 Doctors 45.1 22.0 43.4 22.3 53.8 21.0 53.2 23.2 Nurses 38.5 17.1 39.0 18.0 48.0 18.1 47.7 17.4 Other clinical staff 49.4 20.6 49.8 20.6 59.1 19.6 58.6 18.9 Non-clinical support staff 49.4 23.1 50.6 24.8 60.1 23.0 60.9 22.7 - Table 3.
Association between influenza vaccine uptake and sickness absence rate adjusted for flu vaccine efficacy, flu deaths in England, type of NHS trust and Overall Engagement Score obtained from the NHS staff survey
Beta 95% CI p-value Influenza vaccine uptake –0.425 (–0.658 to –0.192) <0.001 Influenza vaccine efficacy –0.008 (–0.010 to –0.006) <0.001 Influenza deaths 0.004 (–0.001 to 0.000) <0.001 Overall engagement score (NHS staff survey) –1.039 (–1.399 to –0.679) <0.001 Intercept 9.004 (7.623 to 10.384) <0.001 Results correspond to a linear mixed-effects models with a random intercept for NHS trust
- Table 4.
Association between influenza vaccine uptake in each class of healthcare worker and sickness absence rate
Beta 95% CI p-value Adjusted p-value* Doctors –0.218 (–0.385 to –0.051) 0.011 0.014 Nurses –0.378 (–0.598 to –0.159) 0.001 0.004 Other clinical staff –0.202 (–0.364 to –0.039) 0.015 0.015 Non-clinical support staff –0.232 (–0.381 to –0.083) 0.002 0.004 *p-values adjusted for multiple testing using the Benjamini-Hochberg method.
Results correspond to a linear mixed-effects model with a random intercept for NHS trust for each class separately. Each model was adjusted for flu vaccine efficacy, flu deaths in England, type of NHS trust and Overall Engagement Score obtained from the NHS staff survey.
- Table 5.
Sensitivity analysis – association between influenza vaccine uptake in each class of healthcare worker and sickness absence rate in the months outside of the flu season (April to September)
Beta 95% CI p-value Influenza vaccine uptake 0.212 (0.004 to 0.421) 0.046 Influenza vaccine efficacy –0.003 (–0.005 to –0.001) 0.001 Influenza deaths 0.0002 (0.0001 to 0.0004) 0.002 Overall engagement score (NHS staff survey) –1.203 (–1.526 to –0.879) <0.001 Intercept 8.530 (7.291 to 9.770) <0.001 - Table 6.
Sensitivity analysis – association between influenza vaccine uptake in each class of healthcare worker and sickness absence rate in the months outside of the flu season (April to September)
Beta 95% CI p-value Adjusted p-value* Doctors 0.175 (0.026, 0.324) 0.021 0.084 Nurses 0.040 (–0.157, 0.237) 0.689 0.925 Other clinical staff 0.053 (–0.091, 0.199) 0.466 0.925 Non-clinical support staff 0.001 (–0.127, 0.083) 0.925 0.925 *p-values adjusted for multiple testing using the Benjamini-Hochberg method
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