The new UK SARS-CoV-2 variant and lockdown – causes and consequences
Daniel Pan, Nadeesha Lakmal Mudalige, Shirley Sze, David Koeckerling, Oluwatobiloba Oyefeso, Joseph Barker, Caroline ML Williams, Julian W Tang and Manish Pareek
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmed.2021-0019
Clin Med May 2021 Daniel Pan
AUniversity of Leicester, Leicester, UK and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, UK
Roles: NIHR academic clinical fellow in infectious diseases
Nadeesha Lakmal Mudalige
BLondon School of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, London, UK
Roles: Mudalige NIHR academic clinical fellow in paediatrics
Shirley Sze
CUniversity of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Roles: NIHR academic clinical fellow in cardiology
David Koeckerling
DUniversity of Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
Roles: academic foundation doctor
Oluwatobiloba Oyefeso
ERoyal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
Roles: general practitioner
Joseph Barker
FUniversity of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Roles: NIHR academic clinical fellow in cardiology
Caroline ML Williams
GUniversity of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Roles: specialist registrar in infectious diseases and microbiology
Julian W Tang
HUniversity Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, UK
Roles: consultant virologist and honorary associate professor
Manish Pareek
IUniversity of Leicester, Leicester, UK and University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, UK
Roles: associate professor and honorary professor in infectious diseases

Article Figures & Data
Tables
- Table 1.
A summary of the UK ‘tiered’ restrictions that were implemented from October 2020 to early January 2021
Tier Mixing Bars, pubs and restaurants Retail, indoor leisure, accommodation, personal care, entertainment, places of worship Education Travel Weddings and funerals Exercise Residential home visits Large sporting events, live performance and business meetings Tier 1 (Medium alert) Maximum of six indoors or outdoors, apart from with members of a single household or support bubble Bars, pubs and restaurants must be table service only, stop taking orders at 10pm, close by 11pm Open Schools and universities open Travelling possible but avoid going to Tier 3 areas
Overnight stays permitted with household, support bubble or up to 6 people15 guests for weddings and 30 for funerals Permitted but maximum of six indoors Indoor visits limited to two people from a Tier 1 area with social distancing, no physical contact, PPE use and good hand hygiene Limited to 50% capacity of 4,000 people outdoors (whichever is lower) and 50% capacity or 1,000 people indoors (whichever is lower) Tier 2 (High alert) No mixing of households indoors, apart from support bubbles. Maximum of six outdoors Pubs and bars must close. Restaurants can only serve alcohol with meals. Venues must stop taking orders at 10pm, close by 11pm Open Schools and universities open Reduce travelling if possible. Avoid entering a Tier 3 area 15 guests for weddings and 30 for funerals Classes and organised sport can take place outdoors, but not indoors Outdoor/airtight visits only Limited to 50% capacity or 2000 people outdoors (whichever is lower) and 40% capacity or 1000 people indoors (whoever is lower) Tier 3 No mixing of households indoors, apart from support bubbles. Maximum of six outdoors Hospitality is closed, with exception of sales by takeaway, drive-through or delivery Retail, indoor leisure, personal care and places of worship open. Entertainment venues, accommodation closed Schools and universities open Overnight stays advised to be avoided. Avoid travelling outside own area if possible 15 guests for weddings and 30 for funerals Classes and organised adult sport can date place outdoors only Outdoor/airtight visits only Events should not take place; drive-in events permitted Tier 4 No household mixing, apart from support bubbles. Maximum of two people mixing outdoors Hospitality is closed, with exception of sales by takeaway, drive-through or delivery Essential shops open only; all other venues closed. Places of worship open for private prayer and communal worship Schools and universities open Overnight stays must be avoided. Travel is only permitted for work or education. Must not leave a Tier 4 area Selected funerals of up to 30 people permitted only Exercise is permitted on an individual basis only, with household or support bubble or with one person from another household Outdoor/airtight visits only, Clinically extremely vulnerable advised to stay home as much as possible, except to go outdoors for exercise or to attend health appointments Events should not take place Lockdown Regulations in March 2020 – July 2020 No mixing of household until 13 June 2020, when support bubbles were instigated All closed All closed apart from essential shops. Outdoor non-food markets can reopen All closed Overnight stays not permitted Only certain funerals permitted Outdoor exercise alone or with other members of the household permitted only Not permitted; 13 June rules were relaxed to allow some to visit care homes Events should not take place Lockdown Regulations in January 2021 No mixing of households, apart from support bubbles Hospitality is closed, with exception of sales by takeaway, drive-through or delivery All closed apart from essential shops. Places of worship open for private prayer and communal worship Schools open for vulnerable children and children of critical workers. Universities open for students in medicine/dentistry/health/social work/veterinary science/education Overnight stays must be avoided
Travel is only permitted for work or educationFunerals allowed, maximum of 30 people.
Weddings allowed for 6 peopleOutdoor exercise alone or with other members of the household permitted only Care home visits can take place with arrangements such as substantial screens, visiting pods or behind windows Events should not take place
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The new UK SARS-CoV-2 variant and lockdown – causes and consequences
Daniel Pan, Nadeesha Lakmal Mudalige, Shirley Sze, David Koeckerling, Oluwatobiloba Oyefeso, Joseph Barker, Caroline ML Williams, Julian W Tang, Manish Pareek
Clinical Medicine May 2021, 21 (3) e295-e299; DOI: 10.7861/clinmed.2021-0019
Citation Manager Formats
The new UK SARS-CoV-2 variant and lockdown – causes and consequences
Daniel Pan, Nadeesha Lakmal Mudalige, Shirley Sze, David Koeckerling, Oluwatobiloba Oyefeso, Joseph Barker, Caroline ML Williams, Julian W Tang, Manish Pareek
Clinical Medicine May 2021, 21 (3) e295-e299; DOI: 10.7861/clinmed.2021-0019
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