@article {Jewell259, author = {Jo Jewell and Nick Sheron}, title = {Trends in European liver death rates: implications for alcohol policy}, volume = {10}, number = {3}, pages = {259--263}, year = {2010}, doi = {10.7861/clinmedicine.10-3-259}, publisher = {Royal College of Physicians}, abstract = {Changing alcohol consumption has led to a three- to fivefold increase in liver deaths in the UK and Finland, and a three- to fivefold decrease in France and Italy. Increasing consumption from a low baseline has been driven by fiscal, marketing and commercial factors {\textendash} some of which have occurred as a result of countries joining the EU. In contrast consumption has fallen from previously very high levels as a result of shifting social and cultural factors; a move from rural to urban lifestyles and increased health consciousness. The marketing drive in these countries has had to shift from a model based on quantity to one based on quality, which means that health gains have occurred alongside a steady improvement in the overall value of the wine industry. Fiscal incentives {\textendash} minimum pricing, restricting cross border trade and more volumetric taxation could aid this shift. A healthier population and a healthy drinks industry are not incompatible.}, issn = {1470-2118}, URL = {https://www.rcpjournals.org/content/10/3/259}, eprint = {https://www.rcpjournals.org/content/10/3/259.full.pdf}, journal = {Clinical Medicine} }