RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Between two cultures: the expert clinician and the pharmaceutical industry JF Clinical Medicine JO Clin Med FD Royal College of Physicians SP 538 OP 541 DO 10.7861/clinmedicine.3-6-538 VO 3 IS 6 A1 Edwin AM Gale YR 2003 UL http://www.rcpjournals.org/content/3/6/538.abstract AB Expert clinicians, valued for their academic status and independence, are used by the pharmaceutical industry for advice, for contract research, and as a means of conveying their message to other clinicians. Both academics and industry depend upon this interaction, but there is a fundamental clash of cultures at the interface between the two. Independence cannot be marketed for a fee, opinion too easily shades into advocacy, and secrecy and science do not mix. Formal guidelines and declarations of interest are inadequate as a means of policing an interface where undisclosed amounts of money change hands so freely. In the absence of effective sanctions, each of us must seek a personal solution to the professional and ethical issues involved.