RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Clostridium difficile infection and antibiotic-associated diarrhoea JF Clinical Medicine JO Clin Med FD Royal College of Physicians SP 237 OP 241 DO 10.7861/clinmedicine.18-3-237 VO 18 IS 3 A1 Benjamin H Mullish A1 Horace RT Williams YR 2018 UL http://www.rcpjournals.org/content/18/3/237.abstract AB Antibiotic-associated diarrhoea is among the most common adverse events related to antibiotic use. Most cases are mild, but Clostridium difficile infection causes a spectrum of disease, ranging from occasional diarrhoea to colitis, toxic megacolon, and potentially death. Recent developments in our understanding of the biology of the gut microbiota have provided new insights into the pathogenesis of these conditions, and have revealed a role for manipulation of the gut microbiota as a novel therapeutic approach. This review will give an overview of the assessment of these conditions, before focusing on the rapidly developing area of their treatment.