Contrasting features of different causes of thrombotic microangiopathy
| Feature | STEC-HUS | TTP | Complement-mediated aHUS |
|---|---|---|---|
| Presentation | 1–2 weeks after colitis-like illness | Prominent neurological symptoms | May have personal or family history of TMA |
| Laboratory tests | AKI predominates | Severe thrombocytopenia | AKI predominates |
| Diagnostic test | Stool culture STEC PCR | ADAMTS13 activity level | Genetic and autoantibody screening |
| Treatment | Supportive | Emergency plasma exchange, corticosteroids | Eculizumab |
aHUS = atypical haemolytic uraemic syndrome; AKI = acute kidney injury; HUS = haemolytic uraemic syndrome; PCR = polymerase chain reaction; STEC = Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli; TMA = thrombotic microangiopathy; TTP = thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.