SARS-CoV-2 patients receiving CPAP as a trial to avoid invasive mechanical ventilation. Comparing clinical and laboratory characteristics between patients who avoided IMV (PCPAP) and patients who required IMV (PIMV)
| CPAP as a trial to avoid IMV (n=38) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Avoided IMV (n=17) | Required IMV (n=21) | p value | |
| Age, years | 54 (49–62) | 59 (51–66) | 0.306 |
| Female, n (%) | 7 (41) | 6 (29) | 0.502 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 27.7 (22.2–33.2) | 24.6 (23.4–30.2) | 0.563 |
| White ethnicity, n (%) | 10 (59) | 14 (67) | 0.740 |
| Pre-CPAP ABG analyses | |||
| pH | 7.49 (7.47–7.50) | 7.46 (7.43–7.48) | 0.0991 |
| PaCO2, kPa | 4.8 (4.1–5.2) | 4.4 (4.0–4.7) | 0.2422 |
| PaO2/FiO2, mmHg | 106.3 (103.8–121.3) | 92.6 (74.5–100.6) | 0.0154* |
| Lactate ≥1.5 mmol/L, n (%) | 1 (6) | 3 (15) | >0.99 |
| Pre-CPAP PaO2/FiO2 | |||
| <100 mmHg, n (%) | 3 (23) | 14 (70) | 0.0134* |
| 100–200 mmHg, n (%) | 9 (69) | 6 (30) | 0.0377* |
| >200 mmHg, n (%) | 1 (8) | 0 (0) | 0.398 |
| Laboratory data during CPAP | |||
| Lymphocyte,a × 109/L | 0.6 (0.4–0.8) | 0.5 (0.3–0.7) | 0.173 |
| D-dimer,b ng/mL | 1,021 (378–1,950) | 633 (392–986) | 0.914 |
| Ferritin,b μg/L | 781 (492–1,427) | 994 (517–1,471) | 0.398 |
| LDH,b IU/L | 820 (589–944) | 1,208 (1,000–1,408) | 0.0134* |
| Troponin,b ng/nL | 9.8 (4.8–11.6) | 19.4 (9.7–35.4) | 0.696 |
| CRP,b mg/L | 223 (166–299) | 286 (242–378) | 0.0829 |
↵a = lowest measurements obtained while patients were receiving CPAP therapy
↵b = highest measurements obtained while patients were receiving CPAP therapy; ABG = arterial blood gas; BMI = body mass index; CPAP = continuous positive airway pressure; CRP = C-reactive protein; FiO2 = fraction of inspired oxygen; IMV = invasive mechanical ventilation; LDH = lactate dehydrogenase; PaCO2 = partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide; PaO2 = partial pressure of arterial oxygen.