Table 1.

Widescale adoption and application of artificial intelligence in healthcare

TimelineConnected/augmented carePrecision diagnosticsPrecision therapeuticsPrecision MedicineSummary
Short term: 0–5 yearsInternet of things in healthcare
Virtual assistants
Augmented telehealth
Personalised mental health support
Precision imaging (eg diabetic retinopathy and radiotherapy planning)CRISPR (increasing use)Digital and AI enabled research hospitals30AI automates time consuming, high-volume repetitive tasks, especially within precision imaging
Medium-term: 5–10 yearsAmbient intelligence in healthcareLarge-scale adoption and scale-up of precision imagingSynthetic biology
Immunomics
Customisation of healthcare
Robotic assisted therapies
AI uses multi-modal datasets to drive precision therapeutics
Long term: >10 yearsAutonomous virtual health assistants, delivering predictive and anticipatory care
Networked and connected care organisations (single digital infrastructure)
Holographic and hybrid imaging
Holomics (integrated genomic/radiomic/proteomic/clinical/immunohistochemical data)
Genomics medicine
AI driven drug discovery
New curative treatments
AI empowered healthcare professionals (eg digital twins)
AI enables healthcare systems to achieve a state of precision medicine through AI-augmented healthcare and connected care
  • Timings are illustrative to widescale adoption of the proposed innovation taking into account challenges / regulatory environment / use at scale.