Table 1.

Initial investigations done for secondary osteoporosis

Day 2Day 3Reference range
Renal panel
Urea, mmol/L
Sodium, mmol/L
Potassium, mmol/L
Chloride, mmol/L
Bicarbonate, mmol/L
Glucose, mmol/L
Creatinine, μmol/L

3.8
140
3.7
100
27.7
5.8
64

2.8–7.7
135–145
3.5–5.3
96–108
19–31
3.1–7.8
50–90
Electrolytes
Calcium, mmol/L
Phosphate, mmol/L
Magnesium, mmol/L

2.24
1.12
0.91

2.10–2.60
0.65–1.65
0.65–0.95
Thyroid function test
Free T4, pmol/L
TSH, mU/L

10.7
2.31

10–20
0.4–4.0
Endocrine
Total testosterone, nmol/L
SHBG, nmol/L
FSH, U/L
LH, U/L
25(OH)D, ng/mL

<0.35
72.9
50.1
14.6
15.8

<0.35

53.3
24

7.3–27.4
10.5–61
1.5–12.4
1.7–8.6
<20 (deficient); 20–39 (insufficient); >30 (sufficient)
  • 25(OH)D = 25-hydroxy vitamin D; FSH = follicle stimulating hormone; LH = luteinising hormone; SHBG = sex hormone binding globulin; TSH = thyroid stimulating hormone.