T1D | T2D | MODY | LADA | Ketosis-prone diabetes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age of onset | Childhood/adolescence | Adulthood | <30 years old | 30–50 years old | Adulthood |
Ethnicity | More common in White people | More common in Asian people | Prevalence not known | More common in White people | More common in Black African/African–Caribbean people |
Insulin requirement | At diagnosis | Absent or years after diagnosis | Variable | >6 months after diagnosis | If DKA / low C-peptide levels |
BMI | Variable | Increased | Variable | Variable | Increased |
Diabetes autoantibodies | High titre | Absent | Absent | High/low titre | Absent |
C-peptide levels 5 years post-diagnosis | Usually <300 pmol/L | Normal/increased | Usually >300 pmol/L | Decreased but still detectable | Variable |
BMI = body mass index; DKA = diabetic ketoacidosis; LADA = latent autoimmune diabetes in adults; MODY = maturity onset diabetes of the young; T1D = type 1 diabetes; T2D = type 2 diabetes.