Table 1.

Adult functional gastrointestinal disorders: disorders of gut–brain interaction8

Location of problemFunctional gastrointestinal disorder
OesophagealFunctional chest pain
Functional heartburn
Reflux hypersensitivity
Globus
Functional dysphagia
GastroduodenalFunctional dyspepsia:

  • postprandial distress syndrome

  • epigastric pain syndrome

Belching disorders:

  • excessive supragastric belching

  • excessive gastric belching

Nausea and vomiting disorders:

  • chronic nausea vomiting syndrome

  • cyclic vomiting syndrome

  • cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome

Rumination syndrome
BowelIrritable bowel syndrome (with predominant constipation, diarrhoea, mixed bowel habits or unclassified)
Functional constipation
Functional diarrhoea
Functional abdominal bloating/distension
Unspecified functional bowel disorder
Opioid-induced constipation
Centrally mediatedCentrally mediated abdominal pain syndrome
Narcotic bowel syndrome / opioid-induced gastrointestinal hyperalgesia
Gallbladder and sphincter of Oddi (SO)Biliary pain:

  • functional gallbladder disorder

  • functional biliary SO disorder

Functional pancreatic SO disorder
AnorectalFaecal incontinence
Functional anorectal pain:

  • levator ani syndrome

  • unspecified functional anorectal pain

  • proctalgia fugax

Functional defecation disorders:

  • inadequate defecatory propulsion

Dyssynergic defecation