Table 1.

Themes and factors for H1N1 and COVID-19

Themes and factors	H1N1	COVID-19	Total
Knowledge, attitudes and behaviors	10	7	17
Patient attitudes towards vaccines	8^{12–14,16,17,25,35,36}	0	8
Social distancing practices	1³⁷	320–22	4
Motivation for keeping healthy	2^13,17	0	2
Poor hand hygiene	0	1²⁹	1
Perception of personal risk of illness	1³⁹	0	1
Unidentified behaviors and attitudes	0	3^18,19^,²³	3
Access to healthcare	7	9	16
Insurance	4^14,24^,^25,28	6^{20,22,23,27,29,41}	10
Access to healthcare	2^37,39	7^{21,22,27,29,30,40,41}	9
HCP recommendations of vaccines	3^14,16^,²⁸	0	3
Frequency of HCP visits	3^14,25^,²⁸	0	3
Experience managing illness	0	1⁴¹	1
Sociopolitical	8	4	12
Trust in government	6^12,15–17^,^26,28	1¹⁸	7
Structural insecurity / history of inequality	0	2^22,29	2
Social media	1¹⁵	0	1
Faith-based leaders	1¹⁵	0	1
Healthcare-related	3	2	5
History of medical mistreatment	2^16,25	0	2
Biases from medical providers	0	2^27,29	2
Trust in healthcare	1³³	0	1
Health status	5	7	12
Comorbidities	5^{14,17,24,25,39}	5^{20–22,30,42}	10
Disability	0	1⁴¹	1
Advanced illness at the time of illness	0	12²⁷	1
Neighborhood and housing	2	9	11
Population density	0	5^{21,22,29,30,41}	5
Multigenerational/multifamily households	0	3^20,21^,⁴⁰	3
Residential segregation	0	3^19,30^,⁴¹	3
Racial segregation	0	3^20,29^,⁴²	3
Ethnic segregation	0	2^30,42	2
Living conditions	1³⁷	1²⁹	2
Environmental pollution	0	2^20,29	2
Incarceration	0	2^21,22	2
Housing type	1²⁸	0	1
Demographics	6	5	11
Age	4^14,24^,^28,38	2^20,30	6
Education	2^31,38	3^29,41^,⁴²	5
Gender	2^17,38	0	2
Financial stability	2	8	10
Income	2^24,38	4^23,29^,^41,42	6
Poverty	0	6^{18,22,29,30,41,42}	6
Employment	0	4^20,22^,^29,42	4
Female-headed households	0	1⁴²	1
Exposure at work	4	6	10
Essential workers	2^31,34	5^{20,21,30,40,41}	7
High-risk contacts/family	2^24,28	0	2
Workplace segregation	0	1²⁹	1
Genetics	3	0	3
Susceptibility	2^13,36	0	2
Antibody response	1³²	0	1

HCP = healthcare provider.