Box 1.

Causes of acute oesophageal symptoms.

Acute dysphagia – food bolus obstruction
> oesophageal stricture
> eosinophillic oesophagitis
> Schatzki ring
> reflux oesophagitis
> extrinsic oesophageal compression
> oesophageal motility disorders
> oesophageal cancer
Acute odynophagia and chest pain
> oesophageal infections – Candida, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus infection
> oesophageal motility disorders
> spontaneous oesophageal rupture
> oesophageal intramural haematoma
> pill induced
> radiation induced.