Baseline characteristics of control and drug groups
| Control (n=40) | Drug (n=40) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 60.3±8.1 | 57.4±8.4 | 0.12 |
| Male gender (n) | 40 (100%) | 38 (95%) | 0.49 |
| Smoking (n) | 38 (95%) | 36 (90%) | 0.68 |
| HTN (n) | 4 (10%) | 5 (12.5%) | 1.00 |
| DM (n) | 5 (12.5%) | 4 (10%) | 1.00 |
| RSHF (n) | 8 (20%) | 13 (32.5%) | 0.20 |
| Modified Borg scale | 4.9±1.4 | 5.3±1.3 | 0.23 |
| BMI (Kg/m 2) | 25.2±5.0 | 25.5±3.8 | 0.79 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 122.4±10.5 | 125.9±9.9 | 0.13 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 79.4±11.2 | 79.5±7.8 | 0.95 |
| HR (bpm) | 99.7±12.0 | 98.3±7.4 | 0.53 |
| BNP (ph/mL) | 40.6±22.1 | 42.1±23.3 | 0.76 |
| 6MWD (m) | 230.6±68.4 | 192.6±108.8 | 0.07 |
| LVEF (%) | 69.1±8.2 | 69.0±8.9 | 0.99 |
| LA (cm) | 3.2±0.6 | 3.1±0.8 | 0.79 |
| Mitral E/A | 0.76±0.19 | 0.88±0.28 | 0.03 |
| EDT (msec) | 217.8±72.8 | 223.7±68.9 | 0.71 |
| E’ (cm/sec) | 10.3± 3.7 | 11.1±3.4 | 0.35 |
| A’ (cm/sec) | 13.2±3.6 | 14.2±3.4 | 0.22 |
| S’ (cm/sec) | 11.8±3.2 | 13.0±3.8 | 0.16 |
| E/E’ | 6.3±3.6 | 6.3±3.4 | 0.95 |
| LV MPI | 0.48±0.19 | 0.49±0.15 | 0.76 |
| PASP (mmHg) | 40.0±15.9 | 42.0±12.6 | 0.72 |
| FEV1 (L) | 1.37±0.65 | 1.23±0.50 | 0.27 |
| FEV1 (%predicted) | 41.15±19.97 | 36.90±15.11 | 0.29 |
6MWD = 6-minute walk distance; A’ = A’ wave velocity at lateral mitral annulus; BNP = brain naturetic peptide; BMI = body mass index; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; DM = diabetes mellitus; E’ = E’ wave velocity at lateral mitral annulus; EDT = E wave deceleration time; FEV1 = forced expiratory volume in first second; HR = heart rate; HTN = hypertension; LA = left atrium; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; LV MPI = left ventricular myocardial performance index; Mitral E/A = mitral E/A ratio; PASP = pulmonary artery systolic pressure; RSHF = right-sided heart failure; S’ = S’ wave velocity at lateral mitral annulus; SBP = systolic blood pressure.