Table 1.

Starting and target doses for commonly used neurohormonal antagonists used in patients with HFrEF¹

Class	Drug name	Starting dose	Target dose
ACEi	Captopril	6.25 mg tds	50 mg tds
	Enalapril	2.5 mg bd	10–20 mg bd
	Lisinopril	2.5–5 mg od	20–35 mg od
	Ramipril	1.25 mg bd	5 mg bd
ARB	Candesartan	4 mg od	32 mg od
	Valsartan	40 mg bd	160 mg bd
Beta blockers	Bisoprolol	1.25 mg od	10 mg od
	Carvedilol	3.125 mg bd	25 mg bd
	Nebivolol	1.25 mg od	10 mg od
MRA	Eplerenone	25 mg od	50 mg od
	Spironolactone	25 mg od	25 mg od

ACEi = angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB = angiotensin receptor blocker; bd = twice daily; MRA = mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; od = once daily; tds = three times a day