Box 1.

Ten barriers to successful healthcare leadership for doctors.

 1. Negative senior doctors’ attitudes towards the medical leadership agenda.
 2. Negative senior role modelling.
 3. Lack of natural career progression into management and leadership roles.
 4. Lack of embedded corporate training within medical curriculums.
 5. Too little focus on team leadership and developing followership.
 6. Too much focus on theoretical versus practical leadership development.
 7. Elite socialisation and autonomous leadership style of doctors.
 8. Lack of real-world corporate experience.
 9. Lack of robust assessment, feedback and support for medical leaders.
10. Infantilisation of junior doctors.