Box 1.

Indications for urgent brain imaging and/or hospital admission

Indications for urgent brain imaging a and/or hospital admission
Acute head trauma
New onset focal neurologic deficit
Altered mental status persists (behaviour or cognition)
Recurrent events
Persistent headache
Anticoagulation
A history of immunodeficiency or malignancy
Fever
Focal seizure (partial seizure)
New neurological symptoms prior to the seizure
Patients in whom follow-up cannot be ensured
  • aUrgent imaging is not required for syncope, non-epileptic seizures, or patients with well-characterised epilepsy or recurrent admissions with drug/alcohol-provoked seizures in the absence of any additional reason to suspect new intracranial pathology