World Health Organization guidelines for drug-resistant tuberculosis, 2016 updatea
| Group | Medicine | Abbreviation | |
|---|---|---|---|
| A. Fluroquinolonesb | Levofloxacin
Moxifloxacin Gatifloxacin | Lfx
Mfx Gfx | |
| B. Second-line injectable agents | Amikacin
Capreomycin Kanamycin (Streptomycin)c | Am
Cm Km (S) | |
| C. Other core second-line agentsb | Ethianomide / Prothionamide
Cycloserine / Terizidone Linezolid Clofazimine | Eto / Pro
Cs / Trd Lzd Cfz | |
| D. Add-on agents (not part of the core MDR-TB regimen) | D1 | Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol High-dose isoniazid | Z
E H |
| D2 | Bedaquiline
Delamanid | Bdq
Dlm | |
| D3 | p-aminosalicylic acid
Imipenem-cilastatind Meropenemd Amoxicillin-clavulanated (Thioacetazone)e | PAS
Ipm Mpm AMx-Clv (T) | |
Reprinted with permission from World Health Organization. WHO treatment guidelines for drug-resistant tuberculosis, 2016 update. Geneva: WHO, 2016:23.22
MDR-TB = multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.
↵aThis regrouping was intended to guide the design of longer regimens; the composition of the recommended shorter MDR-TB regimen is standardised.
↵bMedicines in Groups A and C are shown by decreasing order of usual preference for use (subject to other considerations).
↵cRefer to the source text for the conditions under which streptomycin may substitute other injectable agents. Resistance to streptomycin alone does not qualify for the definition of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis.
↵dCarbapenems and clavulanate are meant to be used together; clavulanate is only available in formulations combined with amoxicillin.
↵eHIV status must be confirmed to be negative before thioacetazone is started.