↵^aEvidence on the safety and effectiveness of Bdq beyond 6 months was insufficient for review; extended Bdq use in individual patients will need to follow ‘off-label’ use best practices.

↵^bOptional duration of use of Lzd is not established. Use for at least 6 months was shown to be highly effective, although toxicity may limit its use.

↵^cThe position of Dlm will be re-assessed once individual patient data from trial 213 has been reviewed; these data were not available for the evidence assessment in July outlined above. Evidence on the safety and effectiveness of Dlm beyond 6 months was insufficient for review; extended use of Dlm in individual patients will need to follow ‘off-label’ use best practices.

↵^dEvidence on concurrent use of Bdq and Dlm was insufficient for review.

↵^eZ is only counted as an effective agent when DST results confirm susceptibility.

↵^fAmoxicillin-clavulanic acid is administered with every dose of Imp-Cln or Mpm but is not counted as a separate agent and should not be used as a separate agent.

↵^gAm and S are only to be considered if DST results confirm susceptibility and high-quality audiology monitoring for hearing loss can be ensured. S is to be considered only if Am cannot be used and if DST results confirm susceptibility (S resistance is not detectable with second-line molecular line probe assays and phenotypic DST is required).

Reprinted with permission from World Health Organization. Rapid Communication: Key changes to treatment of multidrug- and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB). Geneva: WHO, 2018:3–4.³⁰