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72 - Pediatric and Adult SARS

from Part IV - Current Topics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 December 2009

By
Chi Wai Leung  and
Thomas S. T. Lai
Edited by
Rachel L. Chin
Chi Wai Leung
Affiliation:
Consultant Pediatrician and Chief of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Princess Margaret Hospital, Lai Chi Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Thomas S. T. Lai
Affiliation:
Consultant and Chief of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Lai Chi Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong
Rachel L. Chin
Affiliation:
University of California, San Francisco
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Summary

INTRODUCTION

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is an often fatal infectious respiratory disease with prominent systemic symptoms. It is caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV), which was responsible for a global outbreak from November 2002 to July 2003. SARS-CoV probably has its origin in Southern China and is a zoonosis that initially affected wild animals, possibly bats, and subsequently spread to exotic animals. The virus can be identified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in blood, plasma, respiratory secretions, and stool. Specific antibody is detected in acute and convalescent sera from patients by indirect fluorescent antibody (IFA) testing and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) targeting the surface spike (S) protein.

EPIDEMIOLOGY

During the 2002–2003 SARS outbreak, a cumulative total of 8096 probable cases, with 774 deaths, were reported from 29 countries and areas. A global case-fatality rate of 9.6% was recorded at the end of the outbreak. The total number of health care workers affected was 1706 (21.1% of all probable cases). Interestingly, the severity of the syndrome appears to have been greater in adults and adolescents than in young children. No mortality was reported in children worldwide.

The incubation period of SARS generally ranged from 2 to 10 days. The primary mode of transmission appears to be direct mucous membrane (eyes, nose, and mouth) contact with infectious respiratory droplets and/or through exposure to fomites.

Type
Chapter
Information
Emergency Management of Infectious Diseases , pp. 481 - 488
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2008

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  • Pediatric and Adult SARS
    • By Chi Wai Leung, Consultant Pediatrician and Chief of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Princess Margaret Hospital, Lai Chi Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Thomas S. T. Lai, Consultant and Chief of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Lai Chi Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong
  • Edited by Rachel L. Chin, University of California, San Francisco
  • Book: Emergency Management of Infectious Diseases
  • Online publication: 15 December 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511547454.073
Available formats
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Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Pediatric and Adult SARS
    • By Chi Wai Leung, Consultant Pediatrician and Chief of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Princess Margaret Hospital, Lai Chi Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Thomas S. T. Lai, Consultant and Chief of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Lai Chi Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong
  • Edited by Rachel L. Chin, University of California, San Francisco
  • Book: Emergency Management of Infectious Diseases
  • Online publication: 15 December 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511547454.073
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Pediatric and Adult SARS
    • By Chi Wai Leung, Consultant Pediatrician and Chief of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Princess Margaret Hospital, Lai Chi Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Thomas S. T. Lai, Consultant and Chief of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine and Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Lai Chi Kok, Kowloon, Hong Kong
  • Edited by Rachel L. Chin, University of California, San Francisco
  • Book: Emergency Management of Infectious Diseases
  • Online publication: 15 December 2009
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511547454.073
Available formats
×