Ritonavir and cobicistat, used as pharmacokinetic enhancers in combination with some
antiretrovirals (ARVs) for the treatment of HIV, are potent inhibitors of the CYP3A4 isoenzyme. …

Amiodarone is an anti‐arrhythmic drug that commonly affects the thyroid, causing hypothyroidism
or thyrotoxicosis. Amiodarone‐induced thyrotoxicosis ( AIT ) is caused by excessive …

Vitamin D is widely reported to inhibit innate immune signalling and dendritic cell ( DC )
maturation as a potential immunoregulatory mechanism. It is not known whether vitamin D has …

Heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPGs) exist in pancreatic beta cells, and HS seems to
modulate important interactions in the islet microenvironment. However, the intra-islet …

Androgens exert effects on virtually all bodily tissues, and have a multitude of physiological
roles in health. Testosterone, the predominant androgen in men, when deficient (…

Adrenal incidentalomas (AIs) are common and guidelines recommend testing to exclude
functioning lesions and malignancy. Their increasing prevalence results in several …

Objective To describe a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis secondary to a malignant
somatostatinoma. Methods We present the clinical, laboratory, radiologic, and pathologic findings of …

Background: Trial evidence for lower LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) treatment targets for
cardiovascular benefit were incorporated into recent European Society of Cardiology/European …

A patient presented with spells of light-headedness, confusion and collapses, improving on
eating. During a supervised fast, plasma glucose dropped to 1.7 mmol/l, with inappropriately …

Cutaneous side-effects have been associated following initiation of PCSK9 inhibitors. 1, 2
We report two cases where there was a delayed onset of cutaneous side-effects.