CORRESPONDENCE lifetime smoking score were also associated with increased risk of
severe COVID-19 with respiratory failure and hospitalization with COVID-19 (Figure). Similar …

Drugs whose targets have genetic evidence to support efficacy and safety are more likely to
be approved after clinical development. In this paper, we provide an overview of how natural …

Importance The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in ambulatory COVID-19 is controversial.
In addition, the association of vaccination with COVID-19–related VTE and relevant …

Objectives To investigate the role of body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, and
smoking behaviour in explaining the effect of education on the risk of cardiovascular disease …

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common disease with substantial heritability. In this
study, we performed a genome-wide association meta-analysis from 14 discovery cohorts and …

Background: Cytokines and growth factors have been implicated in the initiation and propagation
of vascular disease. Observational studies have shown associations of their circulating …

This paper provides guidelines for performing Mendelian randomization investigations. It is
aimed at practitioners seeking to undertake analyses and write up their findings, and at …

Background Randomised trials of vitamin D supplementation for cardiovascular disease
and all-cause mortality have generally reported null findings. However, generalisability of …

Evidence on the validity of drug targets from randomized trials is reliable but typically
expensive and slow to obtain. In contrast, evidence from conventional observational …

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been associated with an increased risk
of developing several common cancers, but it is unclear whether this association is causal. …