The heterogeneity of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) calls for a classification
addressing pathogenic mechanisms as well as clinical relevance. This European multicenter …

Background. A 23-valent unconjugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (23vP),
routinely administered at the age of 65, has limited effectiveness, and revaccination induces …

Intrauterine growth-restriction (IUGR) can lead to adverse neurodevelopmental sequelae in
postnatal life. Our objective was to determine whether IUGR, induced by chronic placental …

Background. The widely used 23-valent plain polysaccharide vaccine (23vP) has limited
effectiveness, produces short-lived immune responses, and induces attenuated antibody …

Glucocorticoids prescribed to limit inflammation, have significant adverse effects. As 11β-hydroxysteroid
dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) regenerates active glucocorticoid, we …

Although clinical and laboratory evidence support roles for both staphylococcal infection
and environmental allergens in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis, human studies have …

BACKGROUND: Although substantial evidence suggests that T cells are important in the
pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD), little is known of the differentiation status of CD4 + T …

Methods| Across 2019 and 2020, serum samples, excluding repeated samples from
individual patients, were routinely tested in Oxford, UK, for autoantibodies against the 5 most …

Vaccine-specific antibody responses are essential in the diagnosis of antibody deficiencies.
Responses to Pneumovax II are used to assess the response to polysaccharide antigens, …

Authority roles among teachers and students have traditionally been hierarchal and centered
with the expertise and power of the teacher limiting opportunities for students to act with …