Background Exercise programmes are a relatively inexpensive, low‐risk option compared
with other, more invasive therapies for treatment of leg pain on walking (intermittent …

… GILLIAN C LENG , GILLIAN C LENG … Leng GC (Wolfson Unit for Prevention of Peripheral
Vascular Diseases, Department of Public Health Sciences, The Medical School, Teviot Place, …

Context A low ankle brachial index (ABI) indicates atherosclerosis and an increased risk of
cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Screening for a low ABI can identify an …

Background Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is found in 5% to 10% of men aged 65 to 79
years. The major complication is rupture which presents as a surgical emergency. The …

In October 2006, the Chief Medical Officer (CMO) of England asked Professor Sir John Tooke
to chair a High Level Group on Clinical Effectiveness in response to the chapter 'Waste not, …

Background Exercise programmes are a relatively inexpensive, low‐risk option compared
with other more invasive therapies for leg pain on walking (intermittent claudication (IC)). …

Background Lipid‐lowering therapy is recommended for secondary prevention in people
with coronary artery disease. It may also reduce cardiovascular events and/or local disease …

Background The uptake of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) is inconsistent, despite their
potential to improve the quality of health care and patient outcomes. Some guideline …

Background Oral anticoagulants are prescribed for stroke prophylaxis in patients with atrial
fibrillation, which is the most common heart arrhythmia worldwide. The vitamin K antagonist (…

… Gillian C Leng … In as many as 50% of patients, however, the pain remits spontaneously
although a minority continue to have debilitating, progressive symptoms (Leng 1993). More …