To the Editor—We have detected a confirmed case of reinfection with severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with the second episode due to the “new variant” …

The etiology of bloodstream infections (BSIs) in febrile (⩾37.5C) adults (⩾18 years old) in
one Malawi hospital were determined during August and September 1997. After clinical …

Background The effectiveness of salt restriction to lower blood pressure (BP) in Bangladeshi
patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is uncertain. Objective To test the hypothesis …

In animal studies, vitamin A deficiency induces a shift from type 2 (humoral) to type 1 (cellular)
cytokines; there are no similar data for humans. Control of human immunodeficiency virus (…

Objective: To determine the effect of a dietetic educational intervention on phosphate and
calcium levels of hemodialysis patients. Design: Parallel-group randomized controlled trial. …

Background Epidemiological data on Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) from low-income countries is
sparse. The aim of this study was to establish the incidence, severity, aetiology, and …

Cytokines function at the cellular, microenvironmental level, but human cytokine
assessment is most commonly done at the macro level, by measuring serum cytokines. The …

The balance between pro- and antiinflammatory cytokines may be important in malaria
presentation and outcome. Malaria tends to be more severe in children than in adults, …

Objectives: Published data suggest that Streptococcus pneumoniae, non-typhi Salmonella
species, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis are the predominant causes of bloodstream …

Background Nosocomial transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a global public-health
concern. Although early clinical recognition of M tuberculosis in hospital inpatients is …