This review provides a contemporary account of knowledge on aspects of introductions of
non‐native fish species and includes issues associated with introduction pathways, ecological …

OBJECTIVES: Exposure to passive smoke is a common and avoidable risk factor for wheeze
and asthma in children. Substantial growth in the prospective cohort study evidence base …

A survey of published scientific literature was undertaken to identify and catalog observed
earthquake precursors. The earthquake precursors selected for analysis included electric and …

… J i ,j develops a finite interaction length. We find the scaling of J i ,j with d i ,j follows the power
law J i,j … c–e, The power-law nature of J i ,j is qualitatively illustrated for N = 19 (for larger N, …

Quantum teleportation 1 provides a means to transport quantum information efficiently from
one location to another, without the physical transfer of the associated quantum-information …

FROM a childhood in city suburbs, I went at the age of fourteen to live on the outskirts of a
town. I could walk into the country. On Saturdays we did, my brother and I. As we explored the …

Over 2000 samples of the writing of eleven to eighteen year olds were analyzed as part of an
attempt to formulate and validate a system for categorizing student writing. The system that …

Universal logic gates for two quantum bits (qubits) form an essential ingredient of quantum
computation. Dynamical gates have been proposed 1 , 2 in the context of trapped ions; …

Among the classes of highly entangled states of multiple quantum systems, the so-called ‘Schrödinger
cat’ states are particularly useful. Cat states are equal superpositions of two …

A key requirement for scalable quantum computing is that elementary quantum gates can be
implemented with sufficiently low error. One method for determining the error behavior of a …