γδ T cells mediate rapid tissue responses in murine skin and participate in cutaneous immune
regulation including protection against cancer. The role of human γδ cells in cutaneous …

The immune system employs several checkpoint pathways to regulate responses, maintain
homeostasis and prevent self-reactivity and autoimmunity. Tumor cells can hijack these …

Host-induced antibodies and their contributions to cancer inflammation are largely unexplored.
IgG4 subclass antibodies are present in IL-10–driven Th2 immune responses in some …

Immunity declines during aging, however the mechanisms involved in this decline are not
known. In this study, we show that cutaneous delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses …

Cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte associated protein‐4 (CTLA‐4) and the Programmed Death Receptor
1 (PD‐1) are immune checkpoint molecules that are well‐established targets of antibody …

Naturally occurring CD4 + CD25 hi Foxp3 + Tregs (nTregs) are highly proliferative in blood.
However, the kinetics of their accumulation and proliferation during a localized antigen-…

Reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (VZV) increases during aging. Although the effects
of VZV reactivation are observed in the skin (shingles), the number and functional capacity of …

Outcomes for half of patients with melanoma remain poor despite standard-of-care checkpoint
inhibitor therapies. The prevalence of the melanoma-associated antigen chondroitin …

Whereas our understanding of the skin immune system has increased exponentially in recent
years, the role of B cells in cutaneous immunity remains poorly defined. Recent studies …

Overexpression of the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) has been associated
with the pathology of multiple types of such as melanoma, breast cancer, squamous cell …