Background Encephalitis has many causes, but for most patients the cause is unknown. We
aimed to establish the cause and identify the clinical differences between causes in patients …

Background Acute myocardial infarction can be triggered by acute respiratory infections.
Previous studies have suggested an association between influenza and acute myocardial …

The basic reproduction number, R nought (R 0 ), is defined as the average number of
secondary cases of an infectious disease arising from a typical case in a totally susceptible …

Pertussis causes nearly 300 000 deaths in children every year. Most deaths take place in
developing countries, but the infection remains a priority everywhere. Pertussis vaccination …

Background In late spring 2009, concern was raised in Canada that prior vaccination with the
2008–09 trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) was associated with increased risk of …

Phase 3 randomized-controlled trials have provided promising results of COVID-19 vaccine
efficacy, ranging from 50 to 95% against symptomatic disease as the primary endpoints, …

We analyzed hospitalizations in England from April 1, 1989, to March 31, 1998, and identified
approximately 700 cases, 46 fatal, from viral encephalitis that occurred during each year; …

Encephalitis means inflammation of the brain matter. Despite being a rare condition, encephalitis
is of public health importance worldwide because it has high morbidity and mortality. …

Diphtheria incidence has decreased in Europe since its resurgence in the 1990s, but circulation
continues in some countries in eastern Europe, and sporadic cases have been reported …

Background Evidence-based priority setting is increasingly important for rationally distributing
scarce health resources and for guiding future health research. We sought to quantify the …