Background The global population is ageing quickly and our understanding of age-related
changes in the immune system suggest that the elderly will have less immunological …

The T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire can provide a personalized biomarker for infectious and
non-infectious diseases. We describe a protocol for amplifying, sequencing, and analyzing …

Regulatory T cells (Treg) are functionally defective in patients with RA. Restoring their function
may not only control inflammation but also restore tolerance in these patients. Biologic …

Objectives To establish the rate of recurrent infection in RA patients recruited to the British
Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register – Rheumatoid Arthritis. Secondary objectives …

Numerous gene signatures, or modules have been described to evaluate the immune cell
composition in transcriptomes of multicellular tissue samples. However, significant diversity in …

Objectives To establish whether the decision to stop, continue or switch TNF inhibitor (TNFi)
therapy to a biologic drug with an alternative mode of action following a serious infection (SI) …

The impact of anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapies on inducible TNF-dependent activity
in humans has never been evaluated in vivo. We aimed to test the hypothesis that patients …

Persistent inflammatory monoarthritis is inflammation of one joint, with symptoms lasting
beyond 3 months. Approximately 50 % of cases are self-limiting; others will transform into oligo- …

Immunosuppression and biological therapies are being used exponentially to treat
inflammatory arthritis and connective tissue diseases. This article discusses the potential …

Trainees in higher specialty training programmes may have the option to take time out of
their training programme to enhance or broaden their skills and perhaps develop a …