There are multiple evidence-based drug treatments for chronic heart failure (HF), both
disease-modifying agents and those for symptom control. The majority of the evidence base …

Heart failure (HF) is a major public health concern, with a high prevalence in the older
population. The majority of randomized clinical trials evaluating new emerging …

Background Over the last years, several trials offered new evidence on heart failure (HF)
treatment. Design and results For HF with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, type 2 …

Recent trials have shown the efficacy of new drugs for the medical therapy of heart failure
with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) …

Over the past several decades, important advances have been made in the treatment of
patients with heart failure (HF). Whereas in the past, the main goal of drug therapy was to …

Despite major advances in prevention and medical therapy, heart failure (HF) remains
associated with high morbidity and mortality, especially in older and frailer patients …

During the last 20 years, the prognosis for heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction
has steadily improved due to advances in drug treatment and the consistent implementation …

HOW DID WE GET HERE? Heart failure guidelines are based around inhibition of the renin-
angiotensin and sympathetic nervous systems, two fundamental pathways which drive the …

Introduction: For many years heart failure (HF) was known as a fatal disease with an
ominous prognosis. In the last decades better understanding of the pathophysiological …

Compared with heart failure (HF) care 20 to 30 years ago, there has been tremendous
advancement in therapy for ambulatory HF with reduced ejection fraction with the use of …